Disruptive Technologies in Engineering Education: A Case Study

Post-COVID-19 has shaped the educational system in the world particularly in university engineering education by using a digital technology platform such as a learning management system (LMS) with an embedded virtual environment. However students and lecturers rarely adopt and use this technology but rather prefer other platforms such as WhatsApp, YouTube, Twitter, Facebook, etc. that are not owned or controlled by the University management because they are not originally intended for teaching and learning even though they have the educational capability. This paper seeks to verify the extent to which disruptive technologies influence engineering university education. Much literature has investigated the role of disruptive technologies in recent studies but none of them related it to the context of university engineering education in Nigeria. Activity Theory and Expansive Learning methods were used to analyse the data obtained through survey questions and interviews on the respondent's actual practices. Out of 450 respondents involved in the studies. The survey showed that respondents tend to endorse the Disruptive Innovation theory as the respondents justify the reasons for adopting their preferred choice of technologies rather than following the designer's original intentions for inventing them. The survey questions and interview results showed that WhatsApp,Zoom,Google form and Twitter are the five topmost learning and teaching disruptive technologies frequently used by students and lecturers instead of LMS because they are easily accessible and convenient. The survey revealed that learners use a narrow range of technologies to support learning rather than those provided by their university management. Students and lecturers are not adopting LMS to support learning and teaching usage. The use of other learning technologies outside LMS has hindered the monitoring and evaluation of online education effectively by the University management © 2022 IEEE.

Technology Legitimation and User Resistance: The NHS COVID-19 App

Innovative technologies often face acceptance challenges. This is especially true when they constitute disruptive innovations. Disruptive innovations can forcefully alter the way things are done in the economy and society and have differential impacts for social groups. Legitimacy – the fit between an innovation, and society at large – is an important explanatory factor of the success of disruptive technologies. The micro-judgements of legitimacy that individuals make with regards to a technology, can help understand why some innovations succeed or fail. Likewise, users’ actions when using said innovations may indicate how acceptable the technology is to users. This paper analyses how users judge, and use, the NHS COVID-19 Test & Trace app. Preliminary findings suggest that individuals’ micro-legitimacy judgements are strongly related to the decision to use the app or not, and that users have adopted a number of workaround behaviours to resist or compensate for the app’s functionality. © 2022, IFIP International Federation for Information Processing.

Innovative Activities in Russian Regions and the Impact of the Pandemic COVID-19

The article discusses the innovative business of the business in the regions including, taking into account the influence of the Pandemic Cowid-19. The purpose of the article was to study the degree of innovative business development, taking into account the impact of the pandemic. The tasks were solved: it was proved that innovative development is an important factor contributing to the growth of the country's competitiveness in the world arena;the conditions for the formation of the competencies of an “innovative person” were considered, as well as modern and relevant types of innovations, among which incremental, disruptive, sustainable and radical innovations are presented. The works of researcher on the innovative developments issues were studied. The position of Russia is shown in Global Innovation Index over the past few years. It is shown that the pandemic has accelerated the process of robotization in health care in the regions. The authors consider an example of smart devices that actively help doctors in this period and another one of a Russian startup “Connectome.ai” which is the invention to control biosafety at DIREKTIVA: CEO enterprises. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Disruptive Innovation: A valuable experience in the teaching and learning process of Artificial Intelligence

The pandemic caused by Covid-19 affected all educational levels throughout the world. Several countries established periods of confinement for their inhabitants, and this led many teachers to adapt their courses for virtual development. This adaptation reduced in many cases to generating a rapid and emergency response through the digitization of what designed for a face-to-face environment, for example, with classes through videoconferences, redesigning activities to solve in a virtual environment, and solving online questionnaires. However, this article presents the adaptation of a university curricular space, specially designed for virtuality. It´s about the educational innovation carried out on the Artificial Intelligence subject, which designed to take advantage of the potential of web 3.0 tools and mitigate the inconveniences of non-face-to-face classes. The results obtained highlight the innovative academic value of this initiative, and its transferability and sustainability over time. ©2021 IEEE

Professional Learning Community (PLC)—A Model Incorporating ET Practices for Continuous Improvement in Blended Teaching-Learning Process

Innovation in teaching-learning (T-L) is always necessary in education to help students to explore their full potential and to enhance creativity and critical thinking. Teachers’ urge for innovation is one of the key factors for its success. It is possible to strengthen conventional T-L process through blending education technology (ET) practices for active learning. To facilitate disruptive innovations in T-L process, we have established professional learning community (PLC) in 2015. PLC focuses on e-content creation, continuous use of instructional strategies and ICT tools during course delivery, use of learning management system (LMS): Moodle for publishing courses, assessment and feedback. For creating contents in the form of videos, we have established recording studio titled ‘E-Learning Centre.’ As on date, we have created @3000 videos of 12-min average duration, which are published on institute’s YouTube channel. Overall at institute level, on an average 15 instructional strategies and 10 ICT tools are employed in T-L process, leading to enhancement in student’s learning while making T-L process a joyous experience. These blended T-L process is benefitting both students and faculty members to a great extent heralding the dawn of disruptive innovation in T-L process. This inculcation of blended T-L under PLC resulted into smoothly shifting overnight from physical classroom to an online mode of teaching during COVID-19 pandemic. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

Is pasta just about food? An interpretation of customer needs through the case study of livi srl

Having studying myself abroad at Harvard Business School, I want to use the lens of the disruptive innovation to study the case of an Italian family business (Livi srl), operating in the sector of food and beverage (pasta), which has to cope with the crisis pushed by the pandemic. I want to use the concept of the disruptive innovation to understand: How strongly the customers behaviour has been changing in the sector of food and beverage because of Covid 19 in term of functional, emotional and social jobs to be done Whether the disruptive strategy could be a useful business map for the Small Medium Enterprises to re-adapt their profit formula, resources and processes How the local authorities could help the SMEs to leverage the production at a local dimension This paper uses a method based on a case history of an Italian family business, which has been operating for 50 years at a local dimension in the sector of food and beverage. The pandemic has significantly changed the customers’ habits and their needs and this put the lights on the big amount of jobs to be done by the companies to meet these incoming customers’ requirements. Indeed, in the sector of food and beverage many restaurants were forced to close because of the decision making taken by the local authorities. Would Livi srl be able to cope with this economic downturn? Which strategy should the entrepreneur set up to go through this negative financial performance? I want to answer to these questions by using the lens of theory of the Disruptive Strategy taught by Prof. Clayton at Harvard Business School. This paper puts the lights on the business’ ability to adapt its deliberate strategy to the new challenges of the market;indeed, a strong actual strategy is a good mix of a deliberate strategy with an emergent strategy. Finally, the relationship between local authorities (policy) and companies is investigated in a critical way, by which that has studied in term of partnership through the cost benefit analysis rather than considering the policy a social tool able to meet the customers’ needs with the business supply. © 2021, Academic Conferences and Publishing International Limited. All rights reserved.

Orde ab Chao Method for Disruptive Innovations Creation (With COVID-19 Pandemic Case Application).

This paper introduces a novel method for the creation of ideas for disruptive innovations. It provides an application of innovation management techniques to specifics of disruptive technologies, which stand behind the Industry 4.0 (and Society 4.0) changes that are taking place at present. Centered around the Ordo ab Chao technique, the paper presents how contemporary disruptive technologies can attain reflections in the complex creative process that has to lead to disruptive ideas and innovations. Quite some innovative thinking techniques already exist. However, they fail to place emphasis on creation of ideas that are tied to emerging disruptive technologies so as to further deploy them in a focused, yet innovative manner. Hence, this paper presents an effective technique that facilitates creation of disruptive ideas with a focused potential for real-life implementations. Practical application of the method related to challenges in higher education processes amid the COVID-19 pandemic is also demonstrated. Based on the understanding of existing disruptive technologies, the technique is used for the adaptation and improvements of distance-learning processes to further add value for students and our society in general. In brief, the Ordo ab Chao technique is a promising tool for systematic development of disruptive solutions, representing a creative synergy between cutting-edge technologies and innovation management approaches.